Beneficial effects of crataegus oxyacantha extract on neurobehavioral deficits and brain tissue damages induced by an insecticide mixture of deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos in adult wistar rats

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108795Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Mixture pesticide exposure induced acetylcholinesterase activity perturbation.

  • Mixture pesticide exposure induced brain oxidative damage and genotoxicity.

  • Mixture pesticide exposure induced brain histopathological degeneration.

  • Crataegus oxyacantha aqueous extract moderates pesticide-induced brain toxicity.

Abstract

Pesticides, such as organophosphorus and pyrethroids, are extensively used in the agrofields which can significantly increase crop productivity. Humans are exposed to pesticides via dermal contact, inhalation and ingestion due to occupational exposure. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective role of the aqueous extract of Crataegus oxyacantha during acute exposure of rats to the combination of deltamethrin (DM) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats (DCF). The combination of vitamins C and E (Vit CE) was used as a standard antioxidant. The Crataegus oxyacantha extract revealed the presence of a high level of phenolic compounds identified by HPLC analysis. Male wistar rats were divided into six groups: (I) corn oil, (II) AECO (1 ml/100 g), (III) DCF (DM 5 mg/kg, CPF 1 mg/kg), (IV) AECO + DCF, (V) Vit CE (Vit C 100 mg/kg, Vit E 100 mg/kg), and (VI) Vit CE + DCF. AECO and Vit CE were administered 10 days before the administration of DCF. The findings revealed that the administration of DM and CPF mixture induced a significant decrease in serum AChE and DNA damage, as indicated by brain DNA fragmentation. In addition, behavioral tests by open field and elevated plus maze showed impaired recognition memory. The results showed that AECO or Vit CE alleviated significantly neurobehavioral alterations, reduced lipid peroxidation in brain, and restored the antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) to normal levels. Furthermore, brain DNA fragmentation and histopathology in DCF treated rats were improved by AECO administration. All results revealed that C. oxyacantha extract, rich in polyphenolic compounds, had potential antioxidant effects on the combination of DM and CPF-induced oxidative brain damage.

Abbreviations

AECO
Aqueous extract of crataegus oxyacantha
DM
Deltamethrin
CPF
Chlorpyrifos
DCF
Deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos
Vit CE
Vitamins C and E
SOD
Superoxide dismutase
CAT
Catalase
GPx
Glutathione Peroxidase
GSH
Reduced glutathione
AChE
Acetylcholinesterase activity
OPs
Organophosphates
ROS
Reactive oxygen species
IP
Intraperitoneal
TBARS
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
MDA
Malondialdehyde
TBS
Tris-buffered saline
AOPP
Advanced oxidation protein products
NBT
Nitroblue tetrazolium
EPM
Elevated plus maze
LPO
Lipid peroxidation
GABA
Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Keywords

Neurotoxicity
Genotoxicity
Deltamethrin
Chlorpyrifos
Oxidative stress
Crataegusxyacantha

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